EXIF tag glossary: what every field means

When you inspect a photo you will see field names like DateTimeOriginal or FNumber. This reference explains the most common EXIF tags in plain English, grouped by what they describe.

Last updated: August 2026

The exact tags in a photo depend on the device and software that created it, but most images share a recognizable core. Use this as a lookup while you explore your own files in MetaLens. For the bigger picture of what EXIF is and why it exists, start with what is EXIF data; to understand the exposure fields in depth, see reading camera settings in EXIF.

Camera & lens

TagMeaning
MakeThe manufacturer of the camera or phone, e.g. Apple, Canon, Sony.
ModelThe specific device model, e.g. iPhone 15 Pro or EOS R6.
LensModelThe lens used, when the camera reports it.
FocalLengthThe lens focal length in millimeters — how zoomed-in the shot is.
FocalLengthIn35mmFormatFocal length normalized to a full-frame equivalent for comparison.
SoftwareThe firmware or editing software that last wrote the file.

Exposure

TagMeaning
FNumber / ApertureValueThe aperture (f-number). Lower means a wider opening and shallower focus.
ExposureTime / ShutterSpeedValueHow long the sensor was exposed, e.g. 1/250 s.
ISOSpeedRatingsSensor sensitivity. Higher lets you shoot in low light but adds grain.
ExposureBiasValueExposure compensation — how much you brightened or darkened from the meter.
ExposureProgramThe shooting mode: manual, aperture-priority, program, etc.
MeteringModeHow the camera measured light across the frame.
FlashWhether the flash fired, and in which mode.
WhiteBalanceWhether white balance was automatic or set manually.

Image properties

TagMeaning
PixelXDimension / PixelYDimensionThe image width and height in pixels.
OrientationHow the image should be rotated for correct display.
XResolution / YResolutionThe stored print resolution, often in dots per inch.
ColorSpaceThe color space, commonly sRGB or Adobe RGB.
BitsPerSampleThe color depth of the image data.

Date & time

TagMeaning
DateTimeOriginalWhen the photo was actually taken — usually the most reliable timestamp.
CreateDate / DateTimeDigitizedWhen the digital file was created.
ModifyDateWhen the file was last modified, e.g. after an edit.
OffsetTimeThe time zone offset, on cameras that record it.

GPS & location

TagMeaning
GPSLatitude / GPSLongitudeThe coordinates where the photo was taken.
GPSLatitudeRef / GPSLongitudeRefThe hemisphere references (N/S and E/W).
GPSAltitudeThe altitude above or below sea level.
GPSTimeStamp / GPSDateStampThe UTC time and date from the GPS signal.
GPSImgDirectionThe compass direction the camera was pointing.

A note on missing or unusual tags

Not every photo contains every tag, and some devices add proprietary “maker note” fields specific to a brand. If a photo shows very few tags, it may be a screenshot, a PNG, or an image that has already had its metadata removed. Related descriptive data may also appear under the IPTC and XMP standards rather than EXIF.

Ready to inspect your own image?

MetaLens reads your photo's metadata in your browser session and never stores the file.

Inspect an image